Attached below is a cultureal and ethical inquiry. An introduction to cultural and ethical inquiry is needed. The introduction will be 5 paragraphs and I will attach the template for it. Use the ethical and cultural inquiry papers attached below to help you construct the introduction.
Ethical and Cultural Introduction
4-5 paragraphs minimum.
1. Write a paragraph about the laws or regulations pertaining to your topic and cite with reliable
website or scholarly articles.
2. Who is using (the positive or negative aspects of your topic) the most often and is this a
good thing? Are there ways that this could be changes to become more positive? Cite a
reliable website on the statistics of this.
3. What would stricter regulations and/or availability of your topic mean? How could this be
accomplished, cite a reliable website or scholarly article on this.
4. Is another country doing a better job with handing this topic and finding a solution? Report
upon this culture and cite.
5. What do your scholarly articles discuss as far the ethics and cultural aspects of this? These
should be carefully detailed in the Cultural Inquiry and Ethical Inquiry portions of your paper but
write a paragraph introducing and citing them here.
1
Cultural inquiry-level II-template
A. Gauri et al. (2018) examined cervical cancer diagnostic and sociodemographic disparities in
Florida by stage. The Florida women in this study are from different cultures, including
whites, blacks, Hispanics, and non-Hispanics. One reason for this exploration is to prove
whether the socioeconomic status of an individual is related to their use of social networking
sites. Again, the electronic healthcare barriers are affiliated with organizations and people
capable of managing and allocating resources to avoid burdening clinicians while promoting
efficiency.
B. In the exploration, the results show that ethnicity impacts Florida women’s ability to seek
treatment after the diagnosis stage of cervical cancer and the advanced stage. Unlike the
whites, the black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanics are considered to have a middle-to-low
neighborhood socioeconomic status.
C. A study done by Courtin et al. (2020) examines the cultural issues of social policies on the
topic of improving health because of its potential to bring better health outcomes (Courtin et
al., 2020). The paper discusses how social policies could improve the population’s economic
well-being and health status. Therefore, the study advocates for social policy investments as
a unique opportunity to realize the health benefits of digitalized communities and
interventions.
D. This study was done because it was shown that inventions in early life, health, and income
can improve health outcomes. Because of being the key contributors to health disparities, the
consequent effect is on health outcomes by preventing diseases in the nation with soaring
health costs and declining healthcare quality.
2
E. The study’s key point is that the digital republic is an investment and achievement with
stronger intuitive appeal considering its potential to improve the population’s health and
economic well‐being. Secondly, the study points to the indirect impacts of social policies and
interventions on health, considering their impacts on social determinants of health, including
income, education, housing, and employment. Courtin et al., 2020) stated, “One’s
socioeconomic environment is a key determinant of one’s health and longevity.” Social
investments would reduce infections and solidify the socioeconomic circumstances and
position of the people with large disease burdens.
F. Pianese and Belfiore (2021) explored the use of social networks in the healthcare sector.
They agreed that “the application of social media offers a platform to the public, patients, and
health-care providers to communicate about health issues with the possibility of potentially
improving health outcomes.” The findings show that the variations in functionalities from
health program promotions, professional networking, and patient education make its use in
pharmaceutical companies and hospitals worth it for communicating with the patients and
community.
G. Despite the study’s relevance on this topic, its efforts still neglect to map the use of social
networks in healthcare, focusing on its benefits for health communication. Zhao and Zhang
(2017) reviewed the literature to understand the users’ healthcare-seeking behaviors and
trends through social networks. The review focused on patients’ perspectives, thereby
providing an insightful view of this topic on social media application in healthcare,
considering the great diversities characterizing the healthcare sector.
3
H. Zhao and Zhang (2017) mention that “concerns of the quality and authority of the health
information may inhibit consumers’ use of the information.” The main article does address
the benefits of social networks and healthcare but fails to highlight how accessing health
information from social media could impact patients from disadvantaged communities.
4
References
Courtin, E., Kim, S., Song, S., Yu, W., & Muennig, P. (2020). Can Social Policies Improve
Health? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 38 Randomized Trials. The Milbank
quarterly, 98(2), 297–371. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.12451
Gauri, A., Messiah, S. E., Bouzoubaa, L. A., Moore, K. J., & Koru-Sengul, T. (2018). Cervical
cancer sociodemographic and diagnostic disparities in Florida: A population-based study
(1981–2013) by stage at presentation. Ethnicity & Health, 25(7), 995-1003.
doi:10.1080/13557858.2018.1471669
Levin, G., Cohen, L., Brandt, B., Kogan, L., Ben Simchon, O., & Perri, T. (2022). Ethnical
disparity in cervical cancer stage at diagnosis‐a retrospective study in Israeli referral‐
center. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics..
Muennig, Pabayo, R., & Courtin, E. (2022). [Commentary] building a digital Republic to reduce
health disparities and improve population health in the United States. Qeios.
doi:10.32388/9smv1e
Pianese, T., & Belfiore, P. (2021). Exploring the social networks’ use in the health-care industry:
A multi-level analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health, 18(14), 7295. doi:10.3390/ijerph18147295
Zhao, Y., & Zhang, J. (2017). Consumer health information seeking in social media: A literature
review. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 34(4), 268-283. doi:10.1111/hir.12192
1
ETHICAL inquiry-level II-template
A. Considering the prevalence of social media platforms within the healthcare industry, this
practice has witnessed various opportunities and threats. Various ethical and legal
considerations surround the part played by social media in medical services provision from
the World Medical Association (WMA) focus posting of personal, inappropriate, off-topic,
abusive, and malicious material threatening the professional’s credibility. According to the
CDC (2022), the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) is the
federal law about disclosing disturbing digital content and information in health care that
implicates healthcare gaps since patients from low socioeconomic status cannot access social
media.
B. Privacy and confidentiality laws should be implemented in the healthcare use of social media
since it prevents maladaptive behaviors and status anxiety. Kind (2015) noted that the
starting point is setting professional guidelines for social media usage to avoid the many
ethical and legal considerations regarding social media use that must be reflected in the codes
and standards set out for health institutions, physicians, and any other regulatory bodies.
Therefore, all the relevant stakeholders and policymakers must work towards developing
standards that optimize social media applications while mitigating potential threats (Chen &
Wang, 2021). Ultimately, the laws would eliminate the potential pitfalls of harnessing social
media networks in health care.
C. Denecke et al. (2015) explored the ethical and legal issues of social media usage in
healthcare from a patient-focused perspective. The findings suggest that privacy and
confidentiality were among the relevant issues that must be carefully preserved regarding
2
social-media applications. Otherwise, the patient-physician relationship suffers because of
the patient’s newly obtained private information that the healthcare provider access via the
online platforms. Physicians must maintain the borders between professional and private
intact apart from protecting patient anonymity while mentioning important content on the
internet.
D. This study was done because it was shown that Social media platforms are increasingly
applied in healthcare as a direct means of supporting patient-centered care delivery (Denecke
et al., 2015). Consequently, patients are advantaged because of the availability of selfmanagement tools, closer monitoring, and contact with others. However, the limited privacy,
security issues, and low communication barriers via social-media platforms result in ethical
problems. The study exploited social-media applications in healthcare by carefully reflecting
on the responsibilities that ensure data and information are available in different settings and
prevent abuse. The findings showed that maintaining data privacy and confidentiality
remains the main issue for patients and physicians.
E. One key argument by Denecke et al. (2015) is that “some young users may prefer to interact
with others anonymously, perhaps because they are struggling with sensitive issues, such as
their sexual identities or chronic diseases.” That means when social media has been applied
as a health care intervention, the participants’ privacy concerns are a key consideration. The
underlying health concerns and status should not be known by others or not be updated on
their networks. In this social context, anyone willingly sharing personal information to the
general public must preserve and respect their privacy and comfort level in health matters.
3
F. Ahmed et al. (2020) argued in the same way regarding the public disclosure of patient
information on social media by health professionals saying that “respecting patient privacy
and confidentiality is critical for doctor-patient relationships and public trust in medical
professionals.”. The study showed that the high prevalence of sharing details that make
patients potentially identifiable to friends and families in a setting involving many healthcare
professionals is correlated to social media interactions. The finding highlights that the
increased awareness regarding privacy issues reduces the episodes of professional online
violations for patient confidentiality or other unprofessional behaviors. The study suggested
that healthcare professionals sometimes share much patient information publicly. The
negative effects of privacy breaches on eroding physician-patient relationships, public trust,
and professional disciplinary actions have declined.
G. Despite the research’s efforts to address the ethical issues related to maintaining patient
privacy and confidentiality in the social-media usage context in healthcare, these ethical
issues reviewed contribute important questions associated with the official guidelines and
laws ensuring appropriate social media application in health settings and practice.
Considering its broader array of involved stakeholders and application areas, developing
proper general guidelines in every scenario become impossible. The weight of the ethical
issues would preempt the development of sound ways of addressing the negative impacts of
social media on heath.
4
References
Ahmed, W., Jagsi, R., Gutheil, T. G., & Katz, M. S. (2020). Public disclosure on social media of
identifiable patient information by health professionals: Content analysis of Twitter
data. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(9), e19746.
CDC. (2022, June 28). Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved April 27, 2023,
from https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/publications/topic/hipaa.html
Chen, J., & Wang, Y. (2021). Social Media Use for Health Purposes: Systematic
Review. Journal of medical Internet research, 23(5), e17917.
https://doi.org/10.2196/17917
Denecke, K., Bamidis, P., Bond, C., Gabarron, E., Househ, M., Lau, A. Y., Mayer, M. A.,
Merolli, M., & Hansen, M. (2015). Ethical Issues of Social Media Usage in
Healthcare. Yearbook of medical informatics, 10(1), 137–147.
https://doi.org/10.15265/IY-2015-001
Shi, J., Poorisat, T., & Salmon, C. T. (2016). The use of social networking sites (SNSs) in health
communication campaigns: Review and recommendations. Health
Communication, 33(1), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2016.1242035
WMA. (2023). WMA – The world medical Association-WMA statement on the professional and
ethical use of social media. WMA – The World Medical Association – The World
Medical Association. Retrieved April 27, 2023, from https://www.wma.net/policiespost/wma-statement-on-the-professional-and-ethical-use-of-social-media/