Module 11
HCM515
Health Law and
Ethics
Instructor Name
Module 11 Learning
Outcomes
1. Analyze legal and ethical obligations to
provide care in healthcare settings.
2. Analyze ethical obligations and duties to
provide care to patients.
3. Argue ethical and legal ramifications in the
termination or refusal of care.
HCM515: Health Law and Ethics
The Emergence of Ethics in
Health Law
Violations of
Ethics
→
UN was created
→
Universal
Declaration of
Human Rights
HCM515: Health Law and Ethics
International
Human rights
Civil Rights
Political Rights
Fasted growing field in
international law.
HCM515: Health Law and Ethics
Documents Protecting the
Right to Health
Constitution of the World Health Organization,
https://www.who.int/about/who-we-are/constitution
Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universaldeclaration-of-human-rights
International Covenant on Economic, Social, and
Cultural Rights,
https://www.who.int/hhr/Economic_social_cultural.pdf
HCM515: Health Law and Ethics
Ethical Principles Involved in
Human Rights
Dignity
Beneficence
Normative ethics
Course Code and Title
How Human Rights Advances Health Ethics
Sustainable Development
Goals
The United Nations has implemented Sustainable Development
Goals (SDG)
These are ideals and plans in which countries can improve the
lives of their citizens
One of the SDG’s aims is to provide all people throughout the
world with
equal,
unbiased access to and
ensure measures are in place to enable utilization of basic Primary Health
Care Services
Course Code and Title
Module 11 Requirements
HCM515: Health Law and Ethics
Questions
Take advantage of this
opportunity to seek further
clarification.
HCM515: Health Law and Ethics
Next Live Session
HCM515: Health Law and Ethics
References
Alfaqeeh, G., Cook, E. J., Randhawa, G., & Ali, N. (2017). Access
and utilisation of primary health care services comparing
urban and rural areas of Riyadh Providence, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia. BMC Health Services Research, 17.
Hussein, G. M. (2015). Module 3 – Doctors’ professional
relationships and duties. In J. Ware (Ed.), Professionalism and
ethics handbook for residents: A practical guide (pp. 25-42).
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Saudi Commission for Health Specialties.
Pinto, A. D., & Upshur, R. E. (Eds.).
(2013). An introduction to global health ethics. New York, NY:
Routledge. ISBN-13: 978-0-415-68183-4 / eText ISBN:
9781136178016
HCM515: Health Law and Ethics
This concludes our live
session.
Thank you for your
attendance!
1
Balancing Patient Care and Legal Considerations: A Comprehensive Approach in the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Student’s Number
Institutional affiliation
Instructor’s Name
Course
Date
2
Case Study:
Assume you are an attorney in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia representing a variety of
private healthcare providers. One of your clients is a private physician that found out one of his
Diabetic patients is not following the treatment plan that was provided by the physician. In fact,
the patient is not taking their insulin and is on a diet of extremely sugary foods. The physician
wants to end care to the patient for fear that the patient is going to harm themselves and later
sue the physician. Detail the advice you would provide your client in how to deal with this
situation.
3
The first step is to meticulously document every aspect of the physician-patient contact.
The physician must meticulously document each interaction, including talks about the treatment
plan, instances of noncompliance, and any recommendations made. The keeping of up-to-date
and accurate medical records is the foundation for creating a full case history (Alotaibi et al.,
2021). This not only ensures a clear grasp of the patient’s medical journey, but it also serves as a
necessary foundation for any prospective legal issues that may develop.
Building on the solid documentation basis, the second crucial step is to develop open and
honest communication with the patient. The physician should have an open talk with the patient,
expressing concerns about noncompliance and describing the potential health hazards connected
with such behavior. This conversation should be meticulously documented, including not just the
specifics of the talk but also any agreements or disagreements reached (Alluhidan et al., 2020).
Effective communication not only enriches the physician-patient connection but also greatly adds
to an informed decision-making process that respects the patient’s autonomy and well-being.
The third strategic stage is to seek out alternative perspectives to help with decisionmaking. Obtaining a second opinion from another trained healthcare practitioner, providing new
insights into the patient’s situation, and exploring different techniques to managing their health
are all part of this. Concurrently, consultation with colleagues in the medical community
provides a larger range of perspectives, enabling a collaborative effort to fully comprehend the
nuances of the patient’s situation (Al-Hanawi et al., 2019). This collaborative approach not only
reaffirms the commitment to rigorous decision-making, but also demonstrates a shared
commitment to putting patient care first.
Legal advice is the fourth and most important step in this process. The physician should
obtain advice from legal professionals who are well-versed in the complexities of Saudi
4
healthcare legislation and regulations. This legal knowledge ensures that the decision-making
process is in accordance with local healthcare rules and aids in anticipating and managing
potential legal risks related with the physician’s actions. Maintaining a high level of
professionalism is critical during this difficult process (Chikhaoui et al., 2022). Professionalism,
in addition to adhering to ethical standards, reduces the danger of allegations of negligence or
improper conduct, underlining the significance of a thorough and careful approach in negotiating
complex healthcare issues in Saudi Arabia
5
Reference
Al-Hanawi, M. K., & Qattan, A. M. (2019). An analysis of public-private partnerships and
sustainable health care provision in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Health Services Insights, 12,
117863291985900. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178632919859008
Alluhidan, M., Tashkandi, N., Alblowi, F., Omer, T., Alghaith, T., Alghodaier, H., Alazemi, N.,
Tulenko, K., Herbst, C. H., Hamza, M. M., & Alghamdi, M. G. (2020). Challenges and
policy opportunities in nursing in Saudi Arabia. Human Resources for Health, 18(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-00535-2
Alotaibi, A., Saleh, W. M., alshaibani, khalid, Abdulbaqi, A. H., & Alosaimi, M. (2021).
Setting the Health Research Priority Agenda for the Ministry of Health (MOH), Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia 2020-2025 Project. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-136392/v1
Alotaibi, A., Saleh, W., Abdulbaqi, A., & Alosaimi, M. (2022). Health Research Priority
Agenda for Ministry of Health, kingdom of Saudi Arabia from 2020 to 2025. Journal of
Epidemiology and Global Health, 12(4), 413–429. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44197-022-00061-5
Chikhaoui, E., Alajmi, A., & Larabi-Marie-Sainte, S. (2022). Artificial Intelligence
Applications in healthcare sector: Ethical and legal challenges. Emerging Science Journal, 6(4),
717–738. https://doi.org/10.28991/esj-2022-06-04-05
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