Assignment #3 APA Citation Style
The Assignment will help to practice and to clarify the proper Intext and reference citations when using
the APA style. Below is a short piece that I wrote and a list of the information on my sources.
Now your job is to insert the Intext Citations and to prepare the reference list. The numbers in the
parentheses refer to the source of the information.
See Example Next page
DISCLAIMER: THE INFORMATION IN THE SHORT PIECE IS NOT SPECIFIC OR MEANT TO PROVIDE A REAL
SOURCE OF INFORMATION. THE SHORT PIECE IS FOR ASSIGNMENT PURPOSES ONLY
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE ONLY—NOT YOUR ASSIGNMENT; SEE NEXT PAGE
FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT.
Let us pretend that you have the sentence below as part of your paper. You want to include the
“intext citation” or narrative citation and compose the “bibliographic reference”. Look at the
parentheses at the end of the sentence. What would you enter here to give credit to the author
for his idea? For this example, you will remove the number 1 and place the correct intext
citation between the parentheses using the information found in number one below.
Sentence:
Health care has changed extraordinarily little over the last ten years with any
changes having minimal impact and effecting little substantial change (1)
Bibliographic Reference
1.
Michael E. Porter Phd
A Retrospective on Changes in Healthcare
New England Journal of Medicine
Pages 109-112
Volume 361
2009
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp0904131
So, what you would do is, using APA citation style:
Health care has changed extraordinarily little over the last ten years with any changes having
minimal impact and effecting little substantial change (Porter, 2009)
And then, prepare the entry for the Reference list on a separate page with the title References
(I went to page 317 of the APA Style Manual 7th edition):
Reference
Porter, M. E. (2009). A retrospective on changes in healthcare. New England Journal of
Medicine, 361, 109-112. https://Doi:10.10.1056/NEJMp0904131.
Now go to the actual assignment and do the same thing for the intext references indicated by the
numbers 1-5 of the paragraph. Make sure to prepare a Reference list, ON A SEPARATE
PAGE, containing each of the sources and following APA style.
The healthcare system in the United States is a complex interaction between the government, health
care providers, health insurance agencies and numerous other organizations who are stakeholders in our
health care system. The use of these words, health care system, would imply a coordinated process of
health care delivery but most planning occurs within the specific organization by the health care manager.
Becker (1) indicates that a strategic plan becomes the way that organizations manage their specific
facility. Additionally, the planning provides a clear direction for employees which results in greater
productivity and commitment. Other authors (2 and 3) indicate that planning enhances the best outcomes
and allows for increased revenues. Flannagan (4) suggest that, in addition, planning provides a clear
direction and forms the foundation for evaluating the performance of the staff. Knight (5) would propose
that healthcare planning is complicated, as compared to other organizations, by the educational
backgrounds, clinical versus business, of the various managers in healthcare resulting in a “dynamic
tension”.
1. Blog Post
Bradley E. Becker
June 5, 2013
5 Intangible Benefits Of Hospital Strategic Planning
https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/strategic-planning/5-intangible-benefits-of-hospitalstrategic-planning.html
2.
Lawton R Burns and Mark V. Pauly
Transformation of the HealthCare Industry; Curb your Enthusiasm
Milbank Quarterly March 2018
Volume 96 Issue 1
Page 57-109
doi: 10.1111/1468-0009.12312
3. A Framework for Describing Healthcare Delivery Organizations and Systems
Ileana L. Piña, Perry D. Cohen, David B. Larson, Lucy N. Marion, Marion R. Sills, Leif I.
Solberg, Judy Zerzan
American Journal of Public Health.
April 2015
Volume 105 Issue 4
Pages 670–679
doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301926
4. Irwin J. Flannagan Phd, Dean of Health Policy Yale University
The Strategic Management of Human Resources
In Introduction to Healthcare Management by S.B. Buchbinder and N.H. Shanks (Eds)
2007
Page 265-301
Jones and Bartlett Publishers
Sudbury Massachusetts
5.
Strategic Planning for Hospitals and Healthcare Systems
October 14, 2014
Ellis M. Knight
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Formatting
Title Page
Citation
Outline
