I need help with a 3000 word assignment. The assignment brief is attached below. Please the references should be only ODP& HCPC references and related. A copy of how the work should be is attached below. I need the work to be and exact replica of the work attached. In the sense that it should have every single details the work attached below has. Please the work should not be plagiarised.
Please, I’m repeating again, the work should be exactly like the one attached..
Anaesthesia and Post-Anaesthetic Practice
3000 word assignment submitted via Turnitin by 16.06.2023
On completion of this module the learner is expected to be able to:
The written assignment must be presented using a recognised reflective framework that
incorporates an introduction and conclusion.
The background section, of the assignment, should be a description of the care provided, by the
ODP, to a patient, in the anaesthetic room and post anaesthetic care unit (PACU). This must include
care relating to:
Airway and breathing management Homeostasis and haemodynamic monitoring
Assessing pain and pain management
Management of post-operative nausea and vomiting
Discharge planning and criteria.
The body of the assignment should focus on the analysis of the care required and provided to the
patient, with supporting literature and references, in relation to:
Airway management and breathing
Homeostasis and haemodynamic monitoring
Assessing pain and pain management
Management of post-operative nausea and vomiting
Discharge planning and criteria The outcomes and conclusion of the assignment should focus on,
an action plan for future practice, synthesising the care concepts, knowledge acquisition, beliefs and
perspectives formed.
These are your 3 learning out comes that you have to meet to pass the module.
1. Demonstrate an understanding of patient safety issues and the equipment required to prepare for
advanced anaesthesia and post anaesthetic care.
2. Analyse and reflect upon the role of the Operating Department Practitioner in anaesthetic patient
care and post anaesthetic care practice.
3. Appraise the evidence base which supports the delivery of care within the anaesthetic and post
anaesthetic care environment.
Order your work as below
Front page
Title of your assignment
Introduction
Main body
Conclusion
References
Appendix
Remember not to be descriptive, be analytical, and evaluate the patient’s condition. Also throughout
your work make sure you relate to the HCPC standards especially in your conclusion. Format is 1.5/2
line space, 11/12 Ariel/Calibri. Check your spellings, connecting words, punctuation, use of brackets
and your referencing. This is an important piece of work so I want to know if you need help early and
not leave it to the last minute. I also want it handed in on the time given please. Any problems
please email me ASAP Phil
Introduction
Make the first sentence interesting. That’s known as a ‘hook’ that attracts audience’s attention.
Example;
In this assignment, I will write about the care of the patient having an Anaesthetic and their postoperative recovery. Throughout this work I am going to address the three learning outcomes which
include identifying and evaluating the care needs of patients who are at risk of deterioration during
their perioperative journey and the principles of management for these patients.
I will write about a patient having a GA. The patient has a pseudonym of ………….. and has
…………………………… condition. (Give a brief description of the condition here).
Main Body…..
Deal with this case and evaluate the condition and how it develops. Does it cause any other
secondary problems? How is the condition managed? How would this condition be manged if they
were going into theatre to have a procedure? Any changes of drugs, kit. What would happen to you
patient haemodynamically before during and after anaesthesia? Is there a risk of deterioration?
Does it make increase their vulnerability to infection?
This would then lead into your own conclusion about what you have learnt as a student and how it
will affect your practice in the future. Try to incorporate the HCPC throughout your work and also
make sure you have a wide range of reading. Try to avoid references such as (NHS, 2020), (Hospital
Trust policy, 2019).
You could use one of the following sentence starters to signal to the reader that you are concluding
the essay:
In conclusion …
Finally …
Overall …
In summary …
Phrases like ‘In conclusion …’ clearly signal that you are coming to the end of your essay
What to avoid
Avoid including any new points or ideas in the conclusion
Avoid making your conclusion too long
Avoid lots of repetition
Remember
The conclusion is an important way to wrap up your ideas. Without a conclusion, your writing may
seem unfinished or your overall aim may not be clear. The conclusion is your final chance to leave an
impression on the reader.
Summary: How to Make a Good Conclusion Paragraph
Remember that it’s important to wrap up your writing by summarising the main idea for your
readers. This brings your writing to a smooth close and creates a well-written piece of work.
What is a conclusion paragraph?
A conclusion is what you will leave with your reader
It “wraps up” your essay
It demonstrates to the reader that you accomplished what you set out to do
It shows how you have proved your work is evidenced based
It provides the reader with a sense of closure on the topic
Structure
A conclusion is the opposite of the introduction
Remember that the introduction begins general and ends specific
The conclusion begins specific and moves to the general
Remember to check your similarity score before the submission date. Anything above 20-25% will
be reviewed and potentially be sent to the academic offence department.
Make sure you are writing about the ODP and the HCPC and NOT the NMC or nursing
UNIVERSITY OF WEST LONDON
Theoretical Assessment Submission by Turnitin
NOTE TO ALL STUDENTS: Please complete section 1 of this form as indicated.
Please ensure that all relevant boxes are completed, otherwise assignments
cannot be processed efficiently.
Section 1 (Student to complete) Please type clearly in the boxes provided
Assignment Title
Anaesthetic and Post-Anaesthetic Practice
Student No
Module Title
Module Code
1st
Attempt
Course
Branch (If Applicable)
2nd
BSc Operating Department Practice
N/A
Start date of Module
Tutor
Due Date
Word Count
Extension Agreed
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No
(If YES provide Reference Number below)
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No
(If YES provide Reference Number below)
Date of extension
Student with
Disability
Page
1
Declaration: I confirm that I understand the University’s policy on plagiarism and I
understand that I will be penalised if this assignment infringes that policy. I am also
aware of the regulations governing claims for mitigation, which should normally be
submitted within 10 working days of the date of the examination/submission. I
understand it is my responsibility to keep a copy of the work submitted (Please refer to
student Handbook for further details).
I also accept that by my act of submitting this of assignment, I agree with
above Declaration
Anaesthesia and post – Anaesthetic Practice
Introduction
In this assignment I will write about Mr smith who is a 40 years old bodybuilder male
patient having an anaesthetic and post-operative recovery as a result of a surgery for
a bilateral inguinal hernia repair which will be done under general anaesthesia.
A laparoscopy surgery to repair the hernia will be done according to the patient preassessment in the clinic, as an ODP, I will look at the three learning outcomes which
includes: demonstrate an understanding of patient safety issues and the equipment
required to prepare for advanced anaesthesia and post anaesthetic care, analyse and
reflect upon the role of the operating department practitioner in anaesthetic patient
care and post anaesthetic care practice, appraise the evidence -based which supports
the delivery of care within the anaesthetic and post anaesthetic care environment.
Mr Smith has been provided with all information including the risks of the surgery and
the anaesthetic technique that will be used to manage the airway.
The Driscoll’s model of reflection will be used in depth throughout this assignment
where the components of the model are: What? So what? and now what? will be
investigated (Driscoll, 2006).
A perioperative journey started with a pre-operative assessment about the type of
anaesthesia and side effects of the drugs, the anaesthetist had discussed the care
plan and postoperative care with the patient to ensure that enough assurance is given
to the patient and consent form 1 signed with the patient to confirm that he will be
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2
under general anaesthesia for the time of his surgery (White and Baldwin, 2003).
The Driscoll’s model of reflection
What?
According to AAGBI, under general anaesthesia, ODP must ensure that the
anaesthetic machine is fully checked and the airway and breathing equipment’s are
all ready to manage airway effectively, Mr Smith has been classified under ASA1 as
he does not have any other medical co-morbidities condition and was communicating
perfectly (AAGBI,2012; Lake and Williams,1997).
A patient with a need for airway management must be assessed for a difficult airway,
patients with serious respiratory diseases may represent a risk if a thorough
investigation is not done as pulmonary disease such as asthma and COPD disease
may affect oxygenation and ventilation (Checketts, Jenkins and Pandit, 2017).
It is known that airway management can be performed using invasive and noninvasive techniques.
The first technique uses an advanced skill like endotracheal intubation,
cricothyroidotomy and tracheostomy, while the other technique uses passive
oxygenation, bag-valve mask ventilation, supraglotic airways including non-invasive
positive pressure ventilation (Zasso et al., 2020).
Working as an operating department practitioner, using aseptic technique is one of the
criteria to maintain a sterile field and prevent contamination within perioperative
environment (Ford and Koehler, 2001).
Checking the anaesthetic machine according to AAGBI guidelines is mandatory and
must be implemented before surgery can take place as anaesthetic machine failure
and other equipment’s represents one of the factor responsible of intraoperative
surgery mortality and morbidity, there are three forms of anaesthesia that are
performed (general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia and local anaesthesia) ODP
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3
must be well prepared from anaesthesia machine check, airway trolley and induction
drugs including emergency drugs required for surgery (HCPC, 2014; AAGBI, 2012).
I have prepared a McGrath (video laryngoscope) which is useful for facilitating
intubation and an endotracheal tube size 8 which was decided at a team brief, a 20ml
syringe was also ready to inflate the endotracheal tube with a tight and an eye tape.
The triad of anaesthesia (Analgesia, unconsciousness, muscles relaxants) will
intervene in order to proceed with intubation or insertion of airway device with
breathing being supported by a mechanical ventilator.
Mr Smith was told to fast in order to reduce the risk of aspiration as no food or drink
is recommended before general anaesthesia.
Practitioners are also responsible for the safe custody and issue of controlled drugs,
checking of stock levels with a registered practitioner and order other drugs required
for anaesthesia and PACU management.
Controlled drugs key must be signed out and signed back in at the beginning of each
day, checking drugs that are kept in the fridge including the fridge temperature and
record, controlled drugs must be checked at least twice in every 24 hours by ODP or
registered nurses (Mitchell and Veitch, 2000).
With a good anticipation and preparation, I was well prepared to assist the anaesthetist
with intubation although airway obstruction is something that is common under general
anaesthesia due to the loss of tone within the musculature that supports the airway
and all was set to manage the airway.
So What?
Airway and breathing management
According to the HCPC and the AAGBI operating departments practitioner must follow
standards of proficiency and guidelines in order to deliver effectively care and ensure
safety of patients and equipment’s that are used in the operating theatre (HCPC, 2014;
AAGBI, 2012).
Mr Smith breathing had been assessed and there is no concern about managing his
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4
airway which had been highlighted at the briefing session.
I was prepared for complications that can arise during general anaesthesia, as the
main objective of airway management is to maintain ventilation and prevent lungs
contamination.
I had also prepared for a situation of can’t intubate can’t ventilate (CVCI) scenario
where the difficult airway society (DAS) guidelines for management of unanticipated
difficult intubation are provided in the appendix (fig1).
Several problems can arise when managing airway, at induction: this could be an
airway obstruction, a misplaced airway device, aspiration, inadequate anaesthesia.
It is vital that airway is managed effectively, the anaesthetist must have in place a
strategy to deal with unexpected problems like hypoxia.
It is important to provide assistance to the anaesthetist as an ODP because airway
management should emphasise the need to get help, in order to reduce or limit airway
trauma each case must be assessed properly or abandon after many attempts failures
that can easily cause serious harm to the patient (Crerar-Gilbert and MacGregor,
2018)
Homeostasis and Haemodynamic monitoring
At arrival inside the operating theatre from the ward Mr Smith has been checked using
the consent form 1 to ensure that he is the right patient, once that was completed he
was moved to the anaesthetic room where a 20 G cannula was inserted in his hand, I
have attached the monitoring devices to the patient to monitor the following: the heart
rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, pulse and oxygen saturation before general
anaesthesia takes place, later one pre-oxygenation took place to ensure the lungs are
filled with oxygen, 10ml Fentanyl was given with suxamethonium and propofol.
Mr Smith has been intubated with a size 8 endotracheal tube with cuff inflated and
checked by the manometer to ensure the ETT is in place, capnography wave was
readable and the World Health Organisation checklist was completed before surgery
commencement.
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5
According to the world Health Organisation, the WHO checklist must be implemented
for safety before surgery can commence (team brief, time in, time out, sign out, team
debrief) in order to ensure that it is the right patient with marking on the surgery site
to
prevent
surgical
incident
or
never
events
(Perry
and
Kelly,
2014).
Hernia repair is to repair the tear in the muscle or tissue that bulges out inside the
abdomen.
A keyhole laparoscopy surgery was discussed with Mr Smith at pre-assessment clinic
which will take around 60mn and patient being discharged on the same day, blood
sample and chest x ray results are required by the anaesthetist to ensure of any
condition that will cause a problem before surgery can start.
Prepping and draping was done and surgery started using laparoscope which was
inserted inside the incision hole after patient abdomen was inflated with gas to give a
surgeon a good view, a mesh was then inserted and stapled to the weakened area in
the abdomen to strengthen it (Mccormak et al.,2005).
Keyhole surgery remains painless with smaller cut and less muscle damage and the
small cut on the skin can be easily glued with patient recovery time reduced and
discharge procedure done on the same day in comparison to an open surgery, the
national institute of Health and care excellence (NICE) defines keyhole surgery for
hernia as one of the safest due to quick recovery time and Health technology
assessment applied (Charlton,2020; Mccormak, 2005)
From the anaesthetic prospect Mr Smith has no other medical condition and is ASA1,
while under general anaesthesia, his condition was monitored quite closely checking
his respiratory rate, heart rate, pulse and oxygen saturation were quite stable, 20mn
within intraoperative surgery, there has been a drop of the blood pressure from120/90
to 89/70, metaraminol was given and the arterial blood gas and TEG done while the
surgery was ongoing, venflow and warming devices were switched on to keep patient
temperature between 36 and 37 degree to prevent any blood clotting (Zimlick, 2017).
Now What?
I have learned a lot from my experience as an ODP using the AAGBI guidelines to
check the anaesthetic machine and the implementation of standards of proficiency
and ethics as defined by the HCPC in the delivery of an effective care within
perioperative practice (HCPC, 2014; AAGBI, 2012).
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6
The use of Mcgrath Video laryngoscope was effective to ensure that the ET tube was
well placed in the trachea, I have been able to monitor the homeostasis and
haemodynamic condition of the patient for any deteriorating signs, the importance of
managing complications which can be equipment’s problems, human factors,
medication errors, how to implement the WHO checklist to reduce risks to which
patient is exposed (Mckinnon et al.,2018).
A good knowledge of ABCDE of anaesthesia remains vital when dealing with airway
management, a use of emergency action checklist also has been of a good help for
me as an ODP, for instance when Spo2
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