Conduct research to address the following concerns:
H430/HSC4500 Epidemiology
Module 05 Live Lecture
Module 05 Live Lecture Agenda
• Epidemiological Interventions and Policy
• Epidemiological Studies
• Chapter(s) Review
• Discussion Forum Review
• Written Assignment Review
• Course Project Review
• Assignments
– Module 05 Live Lecture Attendance
– Module 05 Discussion
– Module 05 Written Assignment
– Module 05 Course Project
THE KEY TO A SUCCESSFUL REVIEW SESSION IS
AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION
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Epidemiological Interventions and Policy
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Interventions and Policy
• Using data to make informed decisions
– Think seatbelt laws and smoking policies
• There are challenges when it comes to using
data to influence policy
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Epidemiological Studies
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Study Categories
• Descriptive Epidemiology
– Characterized by person, place or time
• Example: health surveys and ongoing
surveillance
– Benefit: helps identify patterns and assists in
developing hypothesis
• Analytical Epidemiology
– Used to quantify (think numbers) between exposure
and outcome
– Used to test hypotheses
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Analytical Categories
• Experimental
– Investigator manipulates observed groups to
determine either the results or the effects of the
exposure
– Example: clinical drug trials
• Observational
– Investigator simply observes the occurrence of
exposure or disease status without any
manipulation
– Example: occurrence of mosquito borne illnesses
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Study Type Examples
• Cross-Sectional
• Ecological
• Cohort
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Chapter 10: Vaccine Preventable
Diseases
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Key Takeaways
• Immune system basics and immunity
• Vaccine preventable diseases
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Chapter 13: Diabetes Mellitus
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Diabetes Mellitus (aka Type 2)
• Causes/Risk Factors
– Family History
– Ethnicity
– Underlying health conditions
• Scope of the Problem
– Accounts for 90-95% of all Diabetes cases
• Preventative Measures
– Balanced Diet
– Exercise
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Attendance Question #1
What is PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome)?
A. Excess insulin and insulin resistance
resulting in overproduction of testosterone
in women
B. Excess insulin and insulin resistance
resulting in overproduction of testosterone
in men
C. A & B
D. None of the above
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Discussion Forum Review
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Topic of Discussion
You just started your new position as a county health commissioner. One of the issues
facing your county is the rising number of obesity cases among children and adults.
The county lawmakers want to implement the following policies to reduce the impact
of obesity:
– Implement “NFL Play 60” movement in all school districts of the county
– Decrease the health insurance benefits of those who are obese
– Implement a 1% tax on all snack items
They have asked for your input as an epidemiologist on how the proposed policy
changes might impact on obesity. The lawmakers are also open to implementing any
alternative policy that may be more suitable than three provided.
• Having being trained in the tools and methods of epidemiology, do you agree or
disagree with the above proposed policies?
• How would you apply your epidemiology skills to justify and establish policy changes
that can prevent and reduce childhood and adult obesity in your county?
• Do you think there might be effective alternative policies that can be implemented
based on epidemiologic evidence?
• What are some of the challenges that may arise with this plan?
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Written Assignment Review
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Requirements
Conduct research to address the following concerns. You can use the
CDC website to find information that will help you complete the
assignment, but you should include at least one other source.
Requirements (Provide at least one paragraph for each question):
• Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the
United States. Your program wants to understand the disease in terms
of three levels of prevention so that they can develop programs and
services that reduce morbidity and mortality from diabetes. Please
provide an outline of three levels of prevention for diabetes with
examples.
• Lyme disease cases occur very frequently in many areas of New
England. Your family and friends want to know about the primary,
secondary, and tertiary prevention of Lyme disease. How would you
describe the disease in terms of three levels of prevention?
• Influenza is a disease that affects many Americans. As an
epidemiologist, you are asked to review the three levels of prevention
for influenza in front of your city council. How would you go about
doing it? Please list a few prevention measures for each level.
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Course Project Review
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Course Project Summary
• The purpose of this project is to enable you to understand,
appreciate, and apply the concepts, methods, and tools of
epidemiology in the prevention of an acute or chronic disease that
is affecting our society.
• There has been considerable progress towards understanding the
causes of many health conditions and applying control and
prevention measures, yet many of these health conditions are still
on the rise.
• There is still a lot of work that needs to be done.
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Course Project Summary
• We need material, methods, and tools that can
eradicate these conditions from our society and
decrease human suffering.
– The question is can we control or eradicate many of today’s health
conditions that afflict our society? As an epidemiologist, you are not
just identifying and measuring a health problem but recommending
ways to implement control and prevention measures.
• With this project, you will identify one of the diseases
that are currently on the rise in the United States.
– You will first look at the epidemiology of the disease or health
condition.
– Then you will elaborate on past and current measures that have been
adopted for its control and prevention.
– Finally, you will attempt to answer some of the reasons as to why we
are unable to control it and what future holds for us in terms of
controlling the disease.
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Course Project Summary
• Each week you will have the opportunity to work on a
different section
• Each assignment leading up to the final assignment is
evaluated and grade independently
– Grading rubrics in the Rubrics Folder
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Course Project Requirements
• For this project, you will write an original research paper with a
body of 5-6 pages.
The goal of this project is:
• To select a health condition for control and prevention (select from
the following: west nile virus, norovirus, salmonella, dengue, and
ebola.)
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Course Project Requirements
When completed, your project should consist of the following:
• Title Page – captivating title, your name, title of the course, date
• Body – 4-5 pages consisting of an introduction, background on
your topic, research on past and current methods of disease
prevention and control, an examination of issues with the current
approach to prevention and control, an evaluation of future
approaches, and a strong conclusion.
• Reference Page – in APA format.
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Course Project Component Highlight
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Course Project: Module 05 Requirements
Your Epidemiology research report seeks to identify one of the diseases that are
currently on the rise in the United States. Your final report is now due. Be sure to
polish it and incorporate any feedback you’ve gotten from faculty.
Requirements:
• Prepare a reference page in APA format.
• Compile all of your project documents into a single report.
• Make sure each section is separated by an appropriate heading.
• Your report should include:
– Title Page – captivating title, your name, title of the course, date
– Body – 5-6 pages consisting of:
• Introduction and background on your topic
• Research on historical and current methods of disease prevention and control
• An examination of issues with the current approach to prevention and control
• An evaluation of future approaches
• Conclusion: 1-2 paragraphs summarizing recommendations for prevention and
control in the future.
– Reference Page – in APA format
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Attendance Question #2
What is a wild virus?
A. All viruses are wild
B. Only those spread via animals to humans
C. The virus as it occurs in its natural form and
causes the disease
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Coming Up In Week 6
• Evaluating health programs and looking beyond
outbreaks
Assignments
• Discussion Forum
• Written Assignment
• No course project due (wrapped it up in module 05)
• No live lecture
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Don’t Forget To
Document Attendance!
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LEARNING GUIDE: Module 05 – Interventions Based Epidemiological
Interventions
Use this document to plan your studying this week. Check each box as you complete
the item.
Core Concepts
Reading: Introduction to Epidemiology Chapters 10 and 13
Epidemiological Interventions and Policy
Epidemiological Studies
Supportive Resources
□ PHI Episode 1: What is Public Health? (Part 1):
□ PHI Episode 2: What is Public Health? (Part 2):
□ The Epidemiological Transition (or What We Died, Die and Will Die From):
https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisglobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/la-transicionepidemiologica-o-de-que-moriamos-morimos-y-moriremos-/3098670/0
Assessment
Module 05 Live Lecture
Module 05 Discussion: Design an Intervention
Module 05 Course Project: Conclusion
Module 05 Written Assignment: Levels of Prevention
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Turnitin Report
Formatting
Title Page
Citation
Outline
