. An effective strategy would be to read the questions, then read the paper so you are targeting the important content
- Write your answers in complete sentences.
- Your answers should be one to five sentences long, depending on the question.
- Do not do a lot of writing, just demonstrate that you read and understood the paper and express your opinion is about some of the issues raised.
- Points will be awarded based on the correctness and completeness of answers, or whether your opinion makes sense and you explained it clearly
- 1)Choose ONE of these three questions and thoroughly answer it:
- A) What is your understanding of “personalized medicine”? Do you think it is a good idea or a bad idea, or somewhere in between and why? [You can google the definition if you don’t know but give me your own opinion about if it’s good or bad.]
- B) In a study using human subjects, scientists in the US are required to get “informed consent” from the participants. What does this mean and why is it important? [You can google the definition if you don’t know but give me your own opinion about why it is important.]
- C) In the second paragraph of the discussion they talk about the drug metformin that can help people manage prediabetes. Assuming that it works, what are the pros and cons of taking a drug to treat the condition versus making lifestyle changes like diet and exercise?
- 2)What type of people are disproportionately represented among the study subjects? [Look in the Results section, Participant Characteristics]. How might this study group composition impact how these results should be appled by a nutritionist or doctor in practice?
- 3)Figure 2 shows the main result of the study. In your own words, describe the result shown in each graph in one sentence per graph. Remember that the variable was measured at the beginning and end of 12 weeks and the result is the change over that time (or difference, so a negative number is a decrease). Make sure to read the Figure Legend so you know what is different between panel a and panel b.
- 4)Prediabetes is defined by having a blood glucose over the high end of the “normal” range, which is 5.3 mmol/l for fasting glucose and 7.8 mmol/l for glucose tolerance. Look at the data in Table 3 and the last paragraph of the Results section for Glucose Homeostasis. Looking at the Fasting Glucose test, is there a group that started the study above the normal range and ended the study below the normal range? [ Select ] [“No”, “Yes, IFG”, “Yes, IGT”, “Yes, IFG/IGT”] Looking at the Glucose Tolerance test, is there a group that started the study above the normal range and ended the study below the normal range? [ Select ] [“Sort of, IGT almost made it”, “No”, “Yes, IFG”, “Yes, IFG/IGT”]
5)What other personal reflections do you have after reading this paper? For example, if you know someone who has Type I or Type II diabetes (or have it yourself) what do these results mean to you? If you love exercise (or hate exercise) what did you think about doing the exercise program yourself and the potential benefits? What other thoughts or questions did the article provoke? What follow-up study would you do if you were working with these authors?
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Prediabetes Phenotype Influences
Improvements in Glucose Homeostasis with
Resistance Training
Joshua D. Eikenberg1*, Jyoti Savla2, Elaina L. Marinik3, Kevin P. Davy3, John Pownall3,
Mary E. Baugh3, Kyle D. Flack3, Soheir Boshra1, Richard A. Winett4, Brenda M. Davy3
1 Department of Internal Medicine, Carilion Clinic—Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke,
Virginia, United States of America, 2 Center for Gerontology & Department of Human Development, Virginia
Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America, 3 Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and
Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America, 4 Department of Psychology,
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
* jdeikenberg@carilionclinic.org
Abstract
OPEN ACCESS
Purpose
Citation: Eikenberg JD, Savla J, Marinik EL, Davy
KP, Pownall J, Baugh ME, et al. (2016) Prediabetes
Phenotype Influences Improvements in Glucose
Homeostasis with Resistance Training. PLoS ONE 11
(2): e0148009. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0148009
To determine if prediabetes phenotype influences improvements in glucose homeostasis
with resistance training (RT).
Editor: Stephen L Atkin, Weill Cornell Medical
College Qatar, QATAR
Older, overweight individuals with prediabetes (n = 159; aged 60±5 yrs; BMI 33±4 kg/m2)
completed a supervised RT program twice per week for 12 weeks. Body weight and composition, strength, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hr oral glucose tolerance, and Matsuda-Defronza
estimated insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were assessed before and after the intervention.
Participants were categorized according to their baseline prediabetes phenotype as
impaired fasting glucose only (IFG) (n = 73), impaired glucose tolerance only (IGT) (n = 21),
or combined IFG and IGT (IFG/IGT) (n = 65).
Received: August 12, 2015
Accepted: January 12, 2016
Published: February 3, 2016
Copyright: © 2016 Eikenberg et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original author and source are
credited.
Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are
within the paper.
Funding: This study was funded by the National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases (US) grant number NCT01112709 (RAW
and BMD are the principal investigators on this
grant), URL: http://www.niddk.nih.gov/Pages/default.
aspx.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared
that no competing interests exist.
Methods
Results
Chest press and leg press strength increased 27% and 18%, respectively, following the 12week RT program (both p0.05) following the intervention.
However, 2-hr oral glucose tolerance improved in those with IGT (pre 8.94±0.72 mmol/l,
post 7.83±1.11 mmol/l, p
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Formatting
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Citation
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