Use Drug Information Handout to determine free/prescribed online tertiary resources
( FDA or CDC) which ever you choose
Each group should do a power point presentation identifying:
key features (at least 2)
type of information (drug price, MOA, drug classification, drug interaction, drug compatibility, price, toxicology management, comparison, guidelines, ingredients, excipients, etc
audience: information intended for healthcare providers or regular person,
what is/are the pertinent or unique feature of the tertiary resource?
Drug Information (DI) Resource Handout
Type of Question
Tertiary Resource
Notes
•
General, Product
Related
Major Compendia†, FDA.gov
(www.fda.gov), Package Insert
(https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/daily
med/), Department of Health and
Human Services (DHHS),
Physician’s Reference Desk (PDR),
United States
Pharmacopia/National Formulary
(USP/NF)
•
•
•
•
Adverse Effect
FDAble (www.fdable.com), Meyler’s
Side Effects of Drugs, Side Effects
of Drugs Annual
•
Compounding,
Formulations
Allen’s Compounded Formulations:
The Complete U.S. Pharmacist
Collection, Remington: The
Science and Practice of Pharmacy,
Merck Index, A Practical Guide to
Contemporary Pharmacy Practice,
Trissel’s Stability of Compounded
•
•
•
Major compendia – good resources for getting general
information; however, require subscription
PDR – available online and mobile application (free subscription)
USP/NF – official resource for determining generic and chemical
names of over 5,000 drugs in addition to international
nonproprietary name. Other information found include chemical
structure, molecular weight, Chemical Abstract Services (CAS)
registry number, and a pronunciation guide
FDA – Drug@FDA, Orange Book (generic therapeutic
equivalency), Purple Book (biologics, biosimilars
interchangeability), NDC Directory, Recalls & Shortages, VAERS,
FDAble – assembles drug events from MedWatch, FDA Adverse
Event Reporting System (FAERS), Manufacturer and User Facility
Device Experience (MAUDE), Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting
System (VAERS)
Meyler’s – the most comprehensive information on adverse drug
effects (include critical review of international literature with
thorough referencing); chapter organized by drug classification
Remington – information is available regarding common
compounding techniques and ingredients
King’s Guide – the oldest and most comprehensive covering
over 450 IV drug monographs, focus on compatibility information
for parenteral medications (available through Facts & Comp.)
Trissel’s Stability – stability information on medications that are
compounded or mixed as oral, enteral, topical, ophthalmic, and
1
CS 712: Patient Care Process -Health and Drug Information Syllabus
Created by: Tauhid A. Bhuiyan, PharmD, BCPS
Last Updated: 08/19/2019
Formulations, King’s Guide to
Parenteral Admixtures,
Extemporaneous Formulations
[Also know that these resources
can also be found in the core
compendia – refer to the summary
table]
other special formulations (preferred resource in hospital
settings)
•
Dietary Supplements,
Herbal Supplements
Disease, Diagnosis
Natural Medicine, Natural
Medicines Comprehensive
Database, NIH’s Dietary
Supplement Label Database,
MedlinePlus, AltMedDex, Review of
Natural Product, Major
Compendia†,
•
•
•
Center for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC,
https://www.cdc.gov/),
•
Pharmacotherapy: A
Pathophysiologic Approach,
Pharmacotherapy Principles and
Practice, Applied Therapeutics: The
Clinical Use of Drugs, The Merck
Manual, Harrison’s Principles of
•
Internal Medicine (gold standard for
internal medicine), Goldman’s Cecil
•
Medicine, Textbook of
Therapeutics, Up-To-Date, National
Cancer
Natural Medicine – comprehensive database and includes
detailed information on over 1,400 monographs with evidence
ratings and references, include drug-herb and drug-food
interactions and safety during pregnancy and lactation
NCAM – the most comprehensive source for various dietary and
herbal supplements. Partnered with the USP-Verified program to
indicate which supplements have been certified to contain a
quality product by USP Verified
NIH’s Diet. Supp. Label Database – free online database,
published and maintained by the Office of Dietary Supplements.
Provides unbiased resources on dietary and natural supplements
Applied Therapeutics – includes information on disease states
and treatment options; information presented in a case format
with follow-up discussion
CDC – frontline information medium for any disease of interest
affecting a large population (e.g., infectious disease); includes
data and statistics regarding various disease and conditions, and
practice recommendations for emergency preparedness and
natural disasters; publishes Morbidity and Mortality Weekly
Report (MMWR) [available free of charge via email]
Harrison’s Principles – comprehensive information including
pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and disease management
Goldman-Cecil Medicine – one of the oldest textbook in internal
medicine; information organized by disease state and colorcoded to speed usage (include etiology, manifestation, diagnosis,
treatment, and prognosis)
2
CS 712: Patient Care Process -Health and Drug Information Syllabus
Created by: Tauhid A. Bhuiyan, PharmD, BCPS
Last Updated: 08/19/2019
•
Drug Availability,
Price
REDBOOK, Clinical Pharmacology,
Lexi-Drugs, Medi-Span Price Rx
•
Drug Identification
Major Compendia†, Ident-A-Drug
Reference (Pharmacist’s Letter
Online), American Drug Index, The
Merck Index, NLM: Pillbox,
Drugs.com
•
•
•
Drug Interactions
Major Compendia†, Hansten and
Horn’s Drug Interaction Analysis
and Management, Stockley’s Drug
Interactions
Drug Shortages
Major Compendia†, FDA Drug
Shortage List
[https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety-and-availability/drugshortages], ASHP Drug Shortage
List [https://www.ashp.org/DrugShortages/Current-Shortages]
Drug Use in Renal
Dysfunction
Major Compendia†, Drug
Prescribing in Renal Failure: Dosing
Guidelines for Adults
•
•
•
•
REDBOOK – available through Micromedex and contains data
regarding prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) product
availability and pricing; other information available include sugarfree, lactose-free, or alcohol-free preparations, NDC numbers,
routes of administration, dosage form, size and strength.
Medi-Span Price Rx – available through Lexicomp. Information
about drug prices comes directly from manufacturers
Ident-A-Drug – organized by imprint codes. Available through
Pharmacist Letter
Pillbox – free for public. Provides data and images for
prescription, OTC, homeopathic, and veterinary oral solid dosage
medications (pills) marketed in the United States
Hansten and Horn’s – print resource provides summaries,
mechanism, and management of reported drug interactions.
Information is also available with regards to severity of interaction
and risk factors predispose patients. Update annually.
Stockley’s Drug Interactions – (www.pharmpress.com)
includes in-depth information on interactions among drugs,
herbal medicines, food, and drinks. Also, contains information on
assessment of the clinical importance of interaction and guidance
and managing the interaction in practice.
FDA Drug Shortages: focuses only on shortages of medically
necessary drugs, meaning a product that prevents a serious
disease or medical condition and for which there is no drug or
alternative drug.
ASHP Drug Shortages: lists every drug shortage reported
through our online report form as soon as it is investigated and
confirmed, usually within 24-72 hours.
Drug Prescribing in Renal Failure – this guide includes a brief
overview of drug disposition and dialysis principles followed by
80 pages of drug dosing tables and 70 pages of drug-specific
references. A recommended dosage regimen for use in patients
with normal renal function is included along with ‘‘adjustments,” a
3
CS 712: Patient Care Process -Health and Drug Information Syllabus
Created by: Tauhid A. Bhuiyan, PharmD, BCPS
Last Updated: 08/19/2019
•
Drug Recalls
FDA Drug Recalls
[https://www.fda.gov/safety/recallsmarket-withdrawals-safety-alerts]
Geriatric
Pharmacotherapy
Major Compendia†, Geriatric
Dosing Handbook (Lexicomp),
FDA: Medicine and You: A Guide
for Older Adults
(www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesFor
You/ucm163959.htm), NIH Senior
Health (www.nihseniorhealth.gov)
•
•
•
Immunizations
CDC’s Pink Book, Advisory
Committee on Immunization
Practices (ACIP), APhA
Immunization Resources,
Immunization Action Coalition
(www.immunize.org)
•
•
International Drugs
Martindale: The Complete Drug
Reference (where can you also find
this?) Index Nominum International
Drug Directory, Drugdex, Clinical
Pharmacology, Diccionario de
Especialidades Farmaceuticas
•
percentage dose reduction or prolongation of dosing interval for
three broad ranges of renal insufficiency.
All recalls are posted weekly in the FDA enforcement report.
Recalls that are classified will have a classification of Class I,
Class II or Class III based on the level of hazard. Ongoing recalls
that have not been classified are also published in the
enforcement report as “not yet classified” in the classification
field. After the recall classification has been determined, the
recall is updated in the enforcement report with its appropriate
classification
Geriatric Dosing Handbook – an extension of Lexi drug
monograph but more emphasis on dosing recommendations for
geriatric patients. There is a special section in each monograph
addressing concerns specific to the geriatric population. Limited
references to primary literature are provided.
FDA: Medicine and You – consumer resource guide for older
adults.
Pink Book – epidemiology and prevention of vaccine and
preventable diseases. Provides physicians, nurses, nurse
practitioners, physician assistants, pharmacists, and others with
the most comprehensive information on routinely used vaccines
and the diseases they prevent
ACIP – a group of medical and public health experts that
develops recommendations on how to use vaccines to control
diseases in the United States
Martindale – one of the comprehensive and trusted information
sources on a variety of domestic and international drugs
(covering over 6,000 monographs from 40 counties). Includes
treatment reviews with references from published articles.
Available as Hardcopy and Online (subscription only)
Index Nominum – contains over 4,500 drugs available in over
130 countries. Available online as part of Micromedex’s suite of
references
4
CS 712: Patient Care Process -Health and Drug Information Syllabus
Created by: Tauhid A. Bhuiyan, PharmD, BCPS
Last Updated: 08/19/2019
Investigational Drugs
Laboratory Tests
Medication Safety
Method/Rate of
Administration/Stability
•
ClinicalTrials.gov – a registry of all clinical trials on a wide range
of diseases and conditions. The Web site is maintained by the
National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of
Health (NIH). Health care professionals can locate clinical
researches currently ongoing or to be conducted in the future
•
ISMP: In addition to a full suite of medication safety newsletters
for healthcare professionals and consumers, ISMP makes
available urgent medication advisories. It addresses serious
medication errors or information requiring immediate attention by
healthcare practitioners. The alerts are based on information
submitted to the ISMP medication error reporting program
(MERP)
•
Handbook of Injectable Drugs – commonly called “Trissel’s,”
includes information regarding compatibility and stability of
various parenteral. Information found in charts and tables
(making finding information relatively quick). This resource is also
included in the major compendia
•
Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs – organized by body
system, focusing on disease states for which self-care may be
appropriate. Information is provided on FDA approved dosing
information, comparative efficacy of various OTC agents,
contraindications for self-treatment, supplement and non-drug
prevention measures
Harriet Lane – assembled by medical residents, contains a
succinct discussion of common disease and conditions of
FDA, ClinicalTrials.gov,
MedlinePlus, manufacturer website
Basic Skills in Interpreting
Laboratory Data (ASHP), Mosby’s
Manual of Diagnostic and
Laboratory Test, Pocket Guide to
Diagnostic Tests, Laboratory Tests
and Diagnostic Procedure
FDA Med Safety
[https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety-and-availability/drug-alertsand-statements]
Institute for Safe Medication
Practices (ISMP)
[https://www.ismp.org/medicationsafety-alerts]
Major Compendia†, Handbook on
Injectable Drugs, FDA prescribing
information, Kings Guide to
Parenteral Admixtures, Trissel’s
Stability of Compounded
Formulations, USP/NF
Nonprescription Drugs
Handbook of Nonprescription
Drugs, Nonprescription Product
Therapeutics, FDA Product
Labeling (package insert), major
compendia†
Pediatric
Pharmacotherapy
The Harriet Lane Handbook,
Pediatric and Neonatal Dosage
•
5
CS 712: Patient Care Process -Health and Drug Information Syllabus
Created by: Tauhid A. Bhuiyan, PharmD, BCPS
Last Updated: 08/19/2019
Handbook, Nelson Textbook of
Pediatrics, Neofax, Red Book:
Report of the Committee on
Infectious Diseases, major
compendia†
Pharmacogenomics
(PGx)
Pharmaceutical
Calculations
Pharmaceutical
Manufacturers
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacology
•
•
FDA
[https://www.fda.gov/drugs/scienceresearch•
drugs/pharmacogenomicsoverview-genomics-and-targetedtherapy-group], PharmGKB
[https://www.pharmgkb.org/]
Pharmaceutical Calculations (Zatz),
Pharmaceutical Calculations
(Ansel), Lexi-Calc
Clinical Pharmacology, RED BOOK,
major compendia†, Physicians’
Desk Reference/Prescribers’ Digital
Reference (PDR)
Basic Clinical Pharmacokinetics,
Applied Biopharmaceutics and
Pharmacokinetics, Applied Clinical
Pharmacokinetics, Martindale: The
Complete Drug Reference, major
compendia
Goodman & Gilman’s: The
Pharmacological Basis of
newborn to adolescent patients. Information is also available for
medication dosing in pediatrics, common side effects and dosage
forms. Online version available through Clinical Pharmacology
Ped/Neo Dosage Handbook – focuses on detailed dosing
recommendations for pediatrics. Limited references to primary
literature are provided. Online version is available through
Lexicomp
FDA Pharmacogenomics: List of pharmacogenomic markers
included in the packaging label of drugs currently approved for
use in the United States
PharmGKB: This database is one of the most comprehensive
sources of clinical pharmacogenomics information currently
available. The Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation
Consortium guidelines published on PharmGKB can assist in
decision making when genomic disposition is known and may
affect drug therapy.
•
PDR – one of the oldest DI references and a compilation of
prescription product’s official prescribing information (i.e.,
package insert)
•
Basic Clinical Pharmacokinetics – designed to simplify
pharmacokinetics to help busy practitioners understand and
visualize basic principles. An easy-to-read, case-study format has
made the text a favorite among clinical professors, students, and
practitioners.
Applied Clinical Pharmacokinetics – resource emphasizes the
practical issues of drug dosing for patients with changes in
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Goodman & Gilman’s – classic pharmacology text, provides
information about pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
•
•
6
CS 712: Patient Care Process -Health and Drug Information Syllabus
Created by: Tauhid A. Bhuiyan, PharmD, BCPS
Last Updated: 08/19/2019
Therapeutics, Basic & Clinical
Pharmacology (Katzung and
Trevor), Principles of
Pharmacology (Golan)
Pharmacotherapeutics
Pharmacy Law
Pharmacotherapy: A
Pathophysiologic Approach
(DiPiro), Applied Therapeutics: The
Clinical Use of Drugs (Koda-Kimble
and Young’s), Pharmacotherapy
Principles and Practice
Provides correlation between principles of pharmacology and
contemporary clinical practice
•
•
Guide to Federal Pharmacy Law,
California Pharmacy Law Book
(https://www.pharmacy.ca.gov/laws
_regs/lawbook.pdf), A Guide to
California Community Pharmacy
Law (Fred Weissman)
•
Pregnancy/Lactation
DiPiro – pharmacy therapeutics textbook, focuses on disease
management. Information on disorders are presented as
epidemiology, etiology, presentation of disease, treatment, and
treatment outcomes
Koda-Kimble & Young’s – pharmacy therapeutics textbook,
includes information about disease states and treatment options,
presented in the form of cases and follow-up discussions
Breastfeeding: A Guide for Medical
Profession, Briggs Drugs in
Pregnancy and Lactation, LactMed,
Hale’s Medications and Mother’s
Milk, Catalog of Teratogenic
Agents, Drugs During Pregnancy
and Lactation, REPRORISK, major
compendia
•
•
Briggs – focuses exclusively on the use of medication in
pregnant and lactating women. Online version available through
Lexicomp and F&C
LactMed – a peer-reviewed and fully referenced database of
drugs to which breastfeeding mothers may be exposed;
accessible through TOXNET database
[https://www.toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/lactmed.htm].
Contains maternal and infant levels of drugs, possible effects on
breastfed infants and on lactation, and alternative drugs to
consider. Free for public through Online and Mobile apps
REPROTOX – retrieved through Micromedex, provides
comprehensive information on general toxicity, fertility, genetic
influences, and teratogenic agents. Allows clinicians to evaluate
human reproductive risks from drugs and chemicals
7
CS 712: Patient Care Process -Health and Drug Information Syllabus
Created by: Tauhid A. Bhuiyan, PharmD, BCPS
Last Updated: 08/19/2019
•
Therapeutic
Equivalency
FDA’s Orange Book & Purple Book
(also don’t forget the REDBOOK)
•
•
Toxicology
TOXNET, LiverTox, POISINDEX
(when compendia contain this?),
Lexi-Tox, Goldfrank’s Toxicologic
Emergencies, Casarett and Doull’s
Toxicology: The Basic Science of
Poison, Poisoning and Toxicology
Handbook
•
•
Veterinary Medicine
†
Textbook of Veterinary Internal
Medicine, Veterinary Pharmacology
and Therapeutics (Riviere), The
Merck Veterinary Manual (MVM)
•
•
Orange Book – indicates if a generic is therapeutically
equivalent to brand [available at:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/ob/index.cfm]
Purple Book – lists biologic products, including any biosimilar
and interchangeable biologic products [available at:
https://www.fda.gov/drugs/biosimilars/background-informationlists-licensed-biological-products-reference-product-exclusivityand]
TOXNET – free online resource published and maintained by
NLM and includes a suite of databases such as LactMed, HSDB
(Hazardous Substance Data Bank), TOXLINE, DART
(Developmental Toxicology Literature) and CTD (Comparative
Toxicogenomics Database)
Goldfrank’s Toxicology Emergencies – one of the most
comprehensive resources focusing on poisoning and overdose.
Discusses clinical application of toxicology and poisoning and
provides case study approach to medical toxicology and poison
management
Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine – a practical,
valuable, and informative resource (two volumes), focusing on
internal medicine topics in canines and felines.
MVM – a concise and reliable animal health references for
veterinarians and other health care professionals.
Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics – comprehensive
information on the basic and applied principles of veterinary
pharmacology and therapeutics.
Lexicomp, Micromedex, Facts & Comparisons, Clinical Pharmacology
8
CS 712: Patient Care Process -Health and Drug Information Syllabus
Created by: Tauhid A. Bhuiyan, PharmD, BCPS
Last Updated: 08/19/2019
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