Directions
Allstudents should complete Part 1, choose two (2) cases of your preference. All students should complete Part 2. Note: All case studies are provided as a learning tool for students who wish to have them.
Part 1 – Choose 2 of the 5 cases
The following activity includes several case presentations of edema. Make a diagnosis for each case, remembering the following questions:
You may want to refer to chapter 3 and chapter 4 to help determine the diagnosis.
Case 1
45-year-old Mrs. Rodriguez is complaining of intermittent mild bilateral feet/ankle swelling for the past 2 months, but it is worse on her right leg. She denies leg pain, but she does describe her legs as feeling heavy at times and reports standing for long periods worsens the swelling. She notes her veins are getting larger in her legs. For the past 8 months, she has been experiencing intermittent numbness in her feet and reports her left knee has been achy. She is a server at a busy restaurant and sometimes works 10-hour days. She denies any fever, warmth, erythema, or trauma.
Activity
Case 2
68-year-old Mr. Quincy is complaining of left leg swelling for the past 2 weeks. The swelling started while he was on a cruise. The swelling is intermittent and below the knee to his foot. He describes a cramplike pain in his left calf. Lately, both legs have been cramping while walking, but it resolves when he sits. He denies any fever, warmth, erythema, or trauma.
Physical examination: vital signs are within normal limits; right leg is within normal limits except hairless, shiny skin; left leg has 1+ pitting edema in the pretibial area and foot; mild pain with left calf compression and one small tortuous vein on the medial aspect of his calf; left leg is also hairless and shiny. A venous duplex Doppler ultrasound of his left leg was done and reveals no deep vein thrombosis.
Activity
Case 3
85-year-old Mrs. Delaney has bilateral ankle and foot swelling for the past 3 weeks; she states her feet hurt and her shoes feel tight and describes this swelling as the first occurrence; she denies fever, erythema, warmth, or trauma.
Activity
Case 4
78-year-old Mr. Smith is complaining of increased swelling in his lower legs for the past 3 weeks. He states it worsens when his legs are hanging down and gets a bit better when he elevates them. The swelling started about a week after he left the hospital for an episode of pneumonia. He states his legs occasionally swell, especially when he eats too much salt, and the last time it happened was about 8 months ago. He reports taking a water pill for a while but not lately. He noted that he feels like he has put on a few pounds this week and feels a bit more tired and short of breath. He has had to sleep propped up with two pillows. He denies leg pain, fever, warmth, or trauma.
Activity
Case 5
40-year-old Mr. Jason is complaining of right leg swelling, pain, erythema, and warmth for the past 2 days. The swelling started after he accidentally cut the front of his leg with a pocketknife while fishing.
Activity
Part 2: Students are to complete Part 2
A 70-year-old woman was recently treated for pneumonia with antibiotics. After 1 week on antibiotics, she started developing severe diarrhea of 6–7 loose, watery stools per day. The diarrhea has been present for 3 days. She also has a decreased appetite, feels nauseous, and has not been drinking a lot of fluids. She feels very weak and dizzy. She lives alone, so she called 911 and was brought to the emergency department. She is diagnosed with diarrhea, presumptive Clostridium difficile.
Activity
Submission Details:
Week 7 Case Study – NSG5003-Advanced Pathophysiology CP03 – South University
7/14/23, 12:03 PM
NSG5003-Advanced Patho…
Adian Ladron de Guevara
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Course: NSG5003-Advanced Pathophysiology CP03
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Week 7 Case Study
No Submission
0 points
Satisfactory
2 points
Proficient
3 points
Exemplary
4 points
Case study meets
minimal expectations
with minimal
development of
portions of case study.
Case study meets
expectations by
including good depth
for all elements of plan
but does not
demonstrate good
application of course
content.
Case study meets or
exceeds expectations
with creative,
innovative strategies
for case study.
/4
Student did not submit
Case study does not
Case study meets
Identified and
case study.
meet expectations; no
minimal expectations
described
resources listed.
with few resources
pathophysiologic Directions
listed.
concepts and care as
All students should complete Part 1, choose two (2) cases of your
needed.
Case study meets
expectations; resources
listed are well
developed in all but a
few areas.
Case study meets or
exceeds expectations
with all resources well
developed (i.e.,
textbook, peerreviewed articles).
/4
Proficient
1 point
Exemplary
2 points
Minor errors that do
not distract from
overall case study.
Case study meets or
exceeds expectations
in all areas of case
study.
Criteria
Week 7 Case Study
Emerging
1 point
Student did not submit
Case study does not
Answered items
case
study.
meet expectations;
completely.
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application of course
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Criterio
Instructions
Week 7 Case Study
preference. All students should complete Part 2. Note: All case studies
are provided as a learning tool for students who wish to have them.
No Submission
Criteria
Part 1 – Choose 2 of
the 5 cases
0 points
Emerging
0.5 points
Satisfactory
0.75 points
The following activity includes several case presentations of edema. Make a diagnosis
Student did not submit
Numerous issues in any Case study meets
Writing: good flow
for each case, remembering
questions:
case study.the following of
the following:
minimal expectations
throughout response
transition, grammar,
with some errors in
with good transition,
1. Is the edema acute/sudden or chronic
(e.g.,orduration,
progression)?
spelling,
APA
transition, grammar,
and no spelling or
2. errors.
Is it unilateral
or bilateral? Is the edema
generalized or localized?
formatting.
spelling, or APA
grammar
APA
formatting.
format.3. Is it pitting or nonpitting?
Criterio
/2
4. Is it dependent?
5. In addition to edema, what other characteristics are associated with the edema
Total
(e.g., redness, pain)?
6. What is the pertinent past or coexisting medical history? What medications is
the patient taking?
Overall Score
You may want to refer to chapter 3 and chapter 4 to help determine the diagnosis.
1
NoCase
Submisssion
Emerging
Satisfactory
Proficient
Exemplary
0 points minimum
6 points minimum
7 points minimum
8 points minimum
9 points minimum
45-year-old Mrs. Rodriguez is complaining of intermittent mild bilateral feet/ankle
swelling for the past 2 months, but it is worse on her right leg. She denies leg pain,
but she does describe her legs as feeling heavy at times and reports standing for long
periods worsens the swelling. She notes her veins are getting larger in her legs. For
the past 8 months, she has been experiencing intermittent numbness in her feet and
reports her left knee has been achy. She is a server at a busy restaurant and
sometimes works 10-hour days. She denies any fever, warmth, erythema, or trauma.
Past medical history: obesity (BMI 31); type 2 diabetes mellitus.
https://myclasses.southuniversity.edu/d2l/lms/dropbox/user/folder_submit_files.d2l?ou=101497&isprv=0&db=554681&cfql=0
Page 1 of 5
Week 7 Case Study – NSG5003-Advanced Pathophysiology CP03 – South University
7/14/23, 12:03 PM
Medications: metformin.
Physical examination: vital signs are within normal limits; exam is
unremarkable except for bilateral tortuous veins in both lower
extremities, which are worse on the right leg, and decreased sensation
in both feet.
Note: Assume history and examination is within normal limits if not
listed.
Activity
1. Identify the probable diagnosis and what data support your decision.
2. Describe the pathogenesis for the diagnosis.
3. What data are inconsistent with your diagnosis?
4. What diagnostic tests would you order, if any, and how would you treat this
patient?
Case 2
68-year-old Mr. Quincy is complaining of left leg swelling for the past 2 weeks. The
swelling started while he was on a cruise. The swelling is intermittent and below the
knee to his foot. He describes a cramplike pain in his left calf. Lately, both legs have
been cramping while walking, but it resolves when he sits. He denies any fever,
warmth, erythema, or trauma.
Past medical history: iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis of his left leg
after he had left hip replacement for osteoarthritis 9 months ago;
treated with rivaroxaban for 6 months; stable angina; obesity (BMI 31);
dyslipidemia.
Social history: quit smoking 4 years ago but resumed one-fourth pack
per day 1 year ago.
Medications: simvastatin; aspirin; metoprolol.
Note: Assume history and examination is within normal limits if not
listed.
Physical examination: vital signs are within normal limits; right leg is within normal
limits except hairless, shiny skin; left leg has 1+ pitting edema in the pretibial area and
foot; mild pain with left calf compression and one small tortuous vein on the medial
aspect of his calf; left leg is also hairless and shiny. A venous duplex Doppler
ultrasound of his left leg was done and reveals no deep vein thrombosis.
Activity
1. Identify the probable diagnosis and what data support your decision.
2. Describe the pathogenesis for the diagnosis.
3. What data are inconsistent with your diagnosis?
4. What diagnostic tests would you order, if any, and how would you treat this
patient?
Case 3
85-year-old Mrs. Delaney has bilateral ankle and foot swelling for the past 3 weeks;
she states her feet hurt and her shoes feel tight and describes this swelling as the
first occurrence; she denies fever, erythema, warmth, or trauma.
https://myclasses.southuniversity.edu/d2l/lms/dropbox/user/folder_submit_files.d2l?ou=101497&isprv=0&db=554681&cfql=0
Page 2 of 5
Week 7 Case Study – NSG5003-Advanced Pathophysiology CP03 – South University
7/14/23, 12:03 PM
Past medical history: aortic valve replacement; hypertension;
dyslipidemia; osteoporosis.
Medications: amlodipine; benazepril; atorvastatin; alendronate sodium;
aspirin.
Physical examination: vital signs within normal limits; exam
unremarkable except for grade 1 systolic ejection murmur at the left
sternal border, second intercostal space with no radiation, and mild (<
1+) pitting edema bilateral ankles and feet.
Note: Assume history and examination is within normal limits if not
listed.
Activity
1. Identify the probable diagnosis and what data support your decision.
2. Describe the pathogenesis for the diagnosis.
3. What data are inconsistent with your diagnosis?
4. What diagnostic tests would you order, if any, and how would you treat this
patient?
Case 4
78-year-old Mr. Smith is complaining of increased swelling in his lower legs for the
past 3 weeks. He states it worsens when his legs are hanging down and gets a bit
better when he elevates them. The swelling started about a week after he left the
hospital for an episode of pneumonia. He states his legs occasionally swell, especially
when he eats too much salt, and the last time it happened was about 8 months ago.
He reports taking a water pill for a while but not lately. He noted that he feels like he
has put on a few pounds this week and feels a bit more tired and short of breath. He
has had to sleep propped up with two pillows. He denies leg pain, fever, warmth, or
trauma.
Past medical history: anterior wall myocardial infarction 2 years ago;
hypertension; heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; dyslipidemia.
Social history: 1 pack a day smoker for 30 years—quit 2 years ago.
Medications: sacubitril/valsartan; metoprolol; rosuvastatin; aspirin
(which he forgets to take).
Physical examination: vital signs — temperature 98.5°F; pulse 70 beats
per minute, respirations 22 per minute; blood pressure 150/80 mmHg;
pulse oximeter 96%; weight increase of 5 pounds in 1 month;
cardiovascular exam remarkable for an S3 gallop; lungs with bibasilar
fine inspiratory crackles; bilateral lower extremities pretibial to feet with
2 + pitting edema; and mild pain when depressing skin.
Note: Assume history and examination is within normal limits if not
listed.
Activity
1. Identify the probable diagnosis and what data support your decision.
2. Describe the pathogenesis for the diagnosis.
3. What data are inconsistent with your diagnosis?
4. What diagnostic tests would you order, if any, and how would you treat this
patient?
https://myclasses.southuniversity.edu/d2l/lms/dropbox/user/folder_submit_files.d2l?ou=101497&isprv=0&db=554681&cfql=0
Page 3 of 5
Week 7 Case Study - NSG5003-Advanced Pathophysiology CP03 - South University
7/14/23, 12:03 PM
Case 5
40-year-old Mr. Jason is complaining of right leg swelling, pain, erythema, and
warmth for the past 2 days. The swelling started after he accidentally cut the front of
his leg with a pocketknife while fishing.
Past medical history: hypertension.
Medications: amlodipine.
Social history: drinks four to five beers on the weekends and has smoked one
or two cigarettes a day for the last 15 years (he states he is trying to quit).
Physical examination: temperature 100°F; pulse 88 beats per minute;
respirations 18 per minute; blood pressure 140/92 mmHg; examination
unremarkable except for edematous anterior right leg with open linear wound
approximately 1-inch long; wound with scant purulent drainage; and area is
warm and tender with blanching erythema that extends 3 inches around the
wound.
Note: Assume history and examination is within normal limits if not listed.
Activity
1. Identify the probable diagnosis and what data support your decision.
2. Describe the pathogenesis for the diagnosis.
3. What data are inconsistent with your diagnosis?
4. What diagnostic tests would you order, if any, and how would you treat this
patient?
Part 2: Students are to complete Part 2
A 70-year-old woman was recently treated for pneumonia with antibiotics. After 1
week on antibiotics, she started developing severe diarrhea of 6–7 loose, watery
stools per day. The diarrhea has been present for 3 days. She also has a decreased
appetite, feels nauseous, and has not been drinking a lot of fluids. She feels very weak
and dizzy. She lives alone, so she called 911 and was brought to the emergency
department. She is diagnosed with diarrhea, presumptive Clostridium difficile.
Patient medical history: Clostridium difficile 2 years prior.
Physical examination: temperature 99.0°F; pulse 100 beats per minute;
respirations 24 per minute; and blood pressure 90/50 mmHg, which dropped
to 70/40 mmHg when seated. Examination unremarkable except for dry
mucous membranes and generalized mild abdominal tenderness with
palpation.
Laboratory findings reveal:
Chemistry panel: sodium 135 mEq/L; potassium 3.4 mEq/L; chloride 100
mmol/L; HCO3- 12 mEq/L; blood urea nitrogen 40 mg/dL.
Creatinine: 1.2 mg/dL.
ABG: pH 7.22, PaO2 85 mmHg, PaCO2 20 mmHg, HCO3- 12 mEq/L.
Activity
1. Analyze the ABG and determine the acid–base disturbance.
2. Calculate the compensation response and determine if it is appropriate.
3. This item is optional. Calculate and interpret the anion gap.
4. Discuss the diagnosis.
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Page 4 of 5
Week 7 Case Study - NSG5003-Advanced Pathophysiology CP03 - South University
7/14/23, 12:03 PM
5. Develop a treatment plan.
Submission Details:
- Title your document with the case studies from part 1 completed.
Submit your document to the Submissions Area by the due date assigned.
Save your document as W7_CaseStudy_Lastname_Firstname.doc.
Due on Jul 15, 2023 11:59 PM
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